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Posted: **Thu Jan 23, 2020 6:45 pm**

I had an access violation resulting from using DWORD(ptrVal) because I did not cast the ptrVal to DWORD using _CAST.
While the CLVO group I saw using the address of ptrVal like DWORD(@ptrVal) which also works. So, is it the same as DWORD(_CAST, ptrVal) ?
My quick test below shows the same result. Is one better than the other?

Code: Select all

function start()
LOCAL y as ptr	
			
		y := 0x00000004     
		
		? "y: ", y 
		
		? "dword(@y)", dword(@y)
		? "dword(_cast, y)", dword(_cast, y)   
		
		wait  		
		
return nil

Posted: **Thu Jan 23, 2020 8:18 pm**

Jamal,

Code: Select all

? DWORD(ptrVal)

is using the ptrVal and tells the compiler that it is a pointer to a location where a dword is stored. That would be the same as

Code: Select all

LOCAL pDword AS DWORD PTR
pDword:= y
? pDword[1]

Of course this will crash when y has the value 0x00000004 , because that is usually an invalid memory location.
All the other examples will simply take the 32 bits from the PTR and will tell the compiler to use them as a DWORD.

I am not sure where you need this, but this kind of casting is considered "dangerous" and will only work in a 32 bit environment because the size of a PTR is the same as the size of a DWORD. In a 64 bits environment (if you would compile this in X# with AnyCPU) this will not be allowed.

Robert

Posted: **Thu Jan 23, 2020 8:49 pm**

Robert,

For this I am strictly using VO and I am checking the success or failure of the win32 function ShellExecute() which returns a PTR result.

Of course, I would not use ShellExecute() function with X# or other .NET languages since there are better functions.

Thanks for the info.

Jamal

xsharp.eu

DWORD(@ptrVal) VS DWORD(_CAST, ptrVal)

DWORD(@ptrVal) VS DWORD(_CAST, ptrVal)

DWORD(@ptrVal) VS DWORD(_CAST, ptrVal)

DWORD(@ptrVal) VS DWORD(_CAST, ptrVal)